آخرین محصولات
Gold in South Africa: Lessons from the Apartheid Era
This chapter considers gold at its most recent historical epi-centre—i.e. South Africa during the colonial and apartheid era. For over 130 years gold in Africa has been synonymous …
Apartheid Era Pass Laws of South Africa
South African pass laws were a major component of apartheid that focused on separating South African citizens according to their race. This was done to promote the supposed superiority of White people and to establish the minority White regime.
Mining: South Africa's Biggest Success or Apartheid's …
When visiting The Apartheid Museum, I was struck by the relationship between South Africa's mining industry and the foundations of Apartheid and racial …
How waste from the mining industry has …
Through studying the residues of South Africa's mining industry – a core infrastructure of the apartheid regime – Stanford historian Gabrielle Hecht shows how its deleterious effects continue.
How waste from the mining industry has perpetuated apartheid …
The amount of waste mining generates is immense, almost incomprehensibly so: It takes one ton of discarded rock to produce just one 14-karat gold chain. The massive piles of mining discards ...
Soweto Uprising | Summary, Reason, Causes, & Apartheid
The Soweto Uprising was a student-led protest that began on June 16, 1976, in Soweto, South Africa, against the government's plans to impose the Afrikaans language as a medium of instruction in schools for Black students. The uprising and the ensuing protests, which resulted in hundreds of deaths, created a crisis of legitimacy for …
Johannesburg
Johannesburg - Gold Rush, Apartheid, Mining: Johannesburg's early history is the story of gold. In 1853 Pieter Jacob Marais, a South African prospector, recovered alluvial gold from the Jukskei River, north of what would become Johannesburg. The years that followed brought several modest strikes, but the …
'Illegal' gold mining and the everyday in post-apartheid …
This paper examines unregulated gold-mining activities prevalent at disused mines and decommissioned shafts at operating mines in post-apartheid South Africa.
Songs of Struggle: Music and the Anti-Apartheid Movement of South
MINING AND CHEAP (BLACK) LABOR. Undoubtedly, another major influence on the development of apartheid was the discovery of diamonds (1867) and gold (1886), which quickly transformed South Africa from an agrarian society at the edge of the world economy into a globally integrated industrial economy.
Early Apartheid: 1948-1970 | Facing History & Ourselves
Consider the unique experiences of black South African women during apartheid, many of whom were forced to live far away from their husbands on bantustans. Reading Save. The Freedom Charter Examine the 1955 Freedom Charter, established by the ANC and supporting groups, which calls for all races to enjoy equal rights, …
South Africa
The gold mines rapidly established a pattern of labor recruitment, remuneration, and accommodation that left its stamp on subsequent social and …
Introduction: Before Apartheid | Facing History
In 1803, the Cape Colony was briefly returned to the Dutch, but in 1806, during the Napoleonic Wars, the British took permanent control. English speakers began to migrate to the colony in large …
Johannesburg Timeline 1800-1991 | South African History …
14 September, The first large mining company on the Rand, the Witwatersrand Gold Mining Company Limited, better known as Knights, is formed with a capital of £210, 000. 14 September, Jos E. de Villiers completes a survey of Block B, Langlaagte on behalf of JB Robinson.
South Africa
South Africa - Diamonds, Gold, Imperialism: South Africa experienced a transformation between 1870, when the diamond rush to Kimberley began, and 1902, when the South African War ended. Midway between these dates, in 1886, the world's largest goldfields were discovered on the Witwatersrand. As the predominantly agrarian …
The Haunting Legacy of South Africa's Gold Mines …
The former apartheid government placed many settlements near or even on top of the mining waste dumps. In 2013, mining companies produced 562,000 times as much waste as gold, according to the South …
South Africa: 30 years after apartheid, what has changed?
Thousands of people were arrested for this during apartheid, with nearly 20,000 prosecuted. In August 1990, Black South African protesters are dispersed by tear gas fired by police [File: John ...
A history of Soweto | South African History Online
Fifteen years after the discovery of gold in the Rand, more blacks were coming to Johannesburg to make a living and increase their fortunes. Similar to mining developments elsewhere, for example Kimberly, black people were forbidden from owning land to prospect for gold. Prospective rights were for whites only.
Gold in South Africa: Lessons from the Apartheid Era
from the Apartheid Era 1 IntroductIon This chapter considers gold at its most recent historical epi-centre—i.e. South Africa during the apartheid era. For over 130 years gold in Africa has been synonymous with the Witwatersrand which has produced 40% of the gold that was ever mined.1 From 1887 until 2018 1.7 billion ounces
South Africa
South Africa - Gold Mining, Economy, History: Prospectors established in 1886 the existence of a belt of gold-bearing reefs 40 miles (60 km) wide centered on present-day Johannesburg. The rapid growth of the gold-mining industry intensified processes started by the diamond boom: immigration, urbanization, capital investment, …
Has South Africa Truly Defeated Apartheid?
Government rules have allowed Black South Africans to gain a greater stake in industries like mining, where Black ownership has grown from 2 percent to 39 percent over the past two decades ...
From Apartheid to Democracy -the Struggle for …
Introduction of Apartheid Freedoms denied Institutionalised racial discrimination In 1948, the National Party, under the leadership of DF Malan, was voted into power on the election ticket of apartheid. Apartheid was a deliberate policy to deprive black South Africans of their freedoms. Apartheid was not a wholly new initiative. Since the
South Africa
South Africa - Apartheid, Colonization, Inequality: In the first two decades of the union, segregation became a distinctive feature of South African political, social, and economic life as whites addressed the "native question." Blacks were "retribalized" and their ethnic differences highlighted. New statutes provided for racial separation in industrial, …
Gold in South Africa: Lessons from the Apartheid Era
This chapter considers gold at its most recent historical epi-centre—i.e. South Africa during the colonial and apartheid era. For over 130 years gold in Africa has been synonymous with the ...
'Illegal' gold mining and the everyday in post …
This paper examines unregulated gold-mining activities prevalent at disused mines and decommissioned shafts at operating mines in post-apartheid South Africa. This kind of mining is deemed illegal by …
The International Response to Apartheid during the …
The IDAF funded 16551 legal matters of activists during the 1980s. Anti-Apartheid Movement (AAM) – originally the Boycott Movement – was established in 1960 and sought to work for the total isolation of apartheid. The Irish Anti-Apartheid Movement (IAAM) followed in 1964 and played a leading role in Ireland becoming a leading critic of ...
How did Apartheid happen, and how did it finally end?
For 46 years, South Africans lived under Apartheid, a strict policy of segregation that barred the country's Black majority from skilled, high-paying jobs, quality education, voting, and much more. So, how did these laws come to be? And how did this era of institutionalized discrimination finally come to an end? Thula Simpson explores how …
All that glitters... Acid mine drainage: The toxic …
In 1996, Harmony Gold shut down a depleted mine in the Western Basin and, two years later, shut down the large pumps that had previously kept groundwater levels in the mine below the depth of …
The link between mine waste and apartheid in South Africa
A new book shows how mine waste has perpetuated apartheid-like policies in South Africa. ... During South Africa's winter months, winds blow toxic dust off these mercury-rich tailing piles ...
Low wages in mining sector a legacy of apartheid
The NUM will approach the gold mining wage negotiations with agility and determination on the following demands: Wages. Entry level on surface: R9 500. Entry level underground: R10 500 ... and that was as a result of apartheid legacy when the black mining labour force was ruthlessly exploited.
Gold in South Africa: Lessons from the Apartheid Era
It is understood that close to 80 percent of the South African gold they imported was re-melted and sold on the world market as "Swiss gold", at a time when South Africa's gold industry was hurting from the UN sanctions against apartheid.
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