آخرین محصولات
Staged purification of phosphogypsum using pH-dependent …
PG consists mainly of calcium sulfate with the formula CaSO 4.nH 2 O. The obtained form of PG is a dihydrate (n = 2), hemihydrate (n = ½), or anhydrous (n = 0), depending on the degree of hydration n which varies as a function of the attack temperature, the phosphate rock content, and the concentration of sulfuric acid (Zhang …
Removal of sulphate and arsenic from wastewater …
The traditional gypsum precipitation at pH 9.5 resulted in only 6.3% sulphate removal with residual sulphate concentration of 15,000 ppm. This is due to an insignificant dosage of calcium hydroxide needed …
Ammonium Sulfate Protein Precipitation: The key to …
Salt precipitation can be a very powerful tool to purify proteins by precipitation. Ammonium sulfate is usually the salt of choice since it is cheap, very soluble in water, and is able to become much more hydrated (interacts with more water molecules) than almost any other ionic solvent. In practice, ammonium sulfate is either added directly as a …
Sulfate Ion Removal from Reverse Osmosis Concentrate Using …
3.3 Optimization of Sulfate Removal in Ettringite Precipitation. In sulfate removal process, the hydrated lime (Ca(OH) 2) is widely used by raising the pH of the solution, which provides a source of calcium ions (Ca 2+) to precipitate and remove the dissolved sulfate ions as gypsum (CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O). In this study, the pH was firstly …
Single step calcium sulfate scale removal at high temperature using …
Further, Calcium sulphate dihydrate (gypsum) scale has been prevented at temperatures ranging from 104 to 194 °F using organic phosphate ester as a scale inhibitor 12.
Containment of sulfate in leachate as gypsum (CaSO
Precipitation process of calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum) with time. An aqueous solution contains 0.1 M of CaCl 2 ∙2H 2 O and 0.1 M of Na 2 SO 4 ∙10H 2 O. The precipitated crystal was ...
Gypsum precipitation/dissolution as an explanation of the …
The precipitation of gypsum during the intrusion of seawater in a coastal aquifer is shown to be a possible cause of the decrease of the sulphate concentration with respect to the conservative freshwater/seawater mixing observed in many field studies. Results of previously published laboratory column experiments and the application of a …
Study of calcium carbonate and sulfate co-precipitation
In the case of CaCO 3 precipitation followed by gypsum germination, the deposit collected after the first precipitation is shown in Fig. 3 a. CaCO 3 scale had hexagonal structure of vaterite characterized by a soil rose form. After gypsum precipitation, the deposit collected which is a mixture of CaCO 3 and calcium sulfate is …
Sulphate removal technologies for the treatment of …
and 500 mg/L sulphate, depending on the catchment area (van Rooyen, 2016; Neale, 2018). Within the Gauteng region, AMD is currently treated by lime addition to neutralize acid and precipitate the metals. The sulphate is partially removed, and the gypsum-saturated water, containing sulphate concentrations Affiliation: 1Mintek, South Africa.
Removal of sulfate ions from aqueous solutions by precipitation using …
Hydrocalumite (Ca2Al(OH)6Cl.2H2O) was synthesized and calcined at different temperatures to evaluate its application as a precipitating agent for sulfate removal. At a precipitating agent dosage of 2 g L−1, the greatest sulfate removal was 64.8 ± 4.0% in 120 min of reaction with the hydrocalumite calcined at 100 °C. Anion removals …
Sulphate removal from aqueous solutions: State-of-the-art …
Sulphate removal efficiency from acid mine water is frequently dependent on gypsum precipitation since it is a byproduct in the lime treatment process. ... Rose [104] commercialized the SRB process (Rhodes BioSURE) to remove the microbial sulphate using waste water sludge as organic substrate, the plant capacity 10,000 m 3 /day, …
A biological process for the reclamation of flue gas …
A combined chemical and biological process for the recycling of flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum into calcium carbonate and elemental sulfur is demonstrated. In this process, a mixed culture of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) utilizes inexpensive carbon sources, such as sewage digest or synthesis gas, to reduce FGD gypsum to hydrogen …
Kinetics of Gypsum Precipitation for Designing Interstage …
Effect of Ionic Liquid Additives on the Solubility Behavior and Morphology of Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate (Gypsum) in the Aqueous Sodium Chloride System and …
Containment of sulfate in leachate as gypsum (CaSO
The shear stiffness in EICP-treated sand was enhanced 13 times by CaCO 3 precipitation followed by 1.12 times increment due to subsequent precipitation of …
Removal of sulfate ions from aqueous solutions by …
Peaks of the calcium sulfate mineral, gypsum, were also found in the sample, with the formula Ca(SO 4)0.2(H 2 O) and a monoclinic crystalline structure. The …
A new precipitation pathway for calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum…
This work investigates the early stages of precipitation of calcium sulfate from aqueous solution at room temperature and shows for the first time that amorphous calcium sulfate (ACS) and calcium sulfate hemihydrate are sequentially precipitated prior to calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum). Jump to main content . Jump to site search . Publishing.
Kinetics of the conversion reaction of gypsum with …
Comparison of the experimental and calculated values of gypsum conversion at the temperatures 20 °C (a – c) and 50 °C (d). The initial molar ratio of …
Acid mine drainage treatment and metals recovery by means …
1. Introduction. Acid mine drainage (AMD) is mine acidic by-products rich in metals and sulphate ions (SO 4 2─) and generated by active and abandoned mines.Acid mine drainage is formed following the oxidation of sulphide bearing materials such as pyrite, arsenopyrite and marcasite (Masindi et al., 2019; Nguegang et al., 2023c). Chemical …
(PDF) The origin of sulphur in gypsum and dissolved sulphate …
ELSEVIER Sedimentary Geology 123 (1999) 255–273 The origin of sulphur in gypsum and dissolved sulphate in the Central Namib Desert, Namibia F.D. Eckardt a,Ł, B. Spiro b b a School of Geography, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TB, UK Natural Environment Research Council, Isotope Geosciences Laboratory, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG, UK …
University of Groningen Precipitation of metal sulphides …
Gas–liquid precipitation is applied for the synthesis of many chemicals such as ammonium phosphate, am-monium sulphate, barium carbonate, calcium carbonate, calcium uoride, gypsum (calcium sulphate), goethite, sodium bicarbonate, strontium carbonate and terephthalic acid (Wachi and Jones, 1995). In addition, gas–liquid
Sulphate removal from aqueous solutions: State-of-the-art …
Sulphate removal efficiency from acid mine water is frequently dependent on gypsum precipitation since it is a byproduct in the lime treatment process. However, the minimum reachable sulphate concentration with lime precipitation is 1500 mg/L due to …
Utilization of natural gypsum for the preparation of …
Ammonium sulfate was prepared by adding a fixed amount of natural gypsum with an appropriate quantity of ammonium carbonate in distilled water at varying …
Utilization of natural gypsum for the preparation of ammonium sulfate …
In Fig. 5b, the peaks at 16.77°, 20.59°, 23.04°, 28.57°, 47.02° corresponded to ammonium sulfate (JCPDS card- 01-073-6838). The XRD analysis confirmed that the major phase constituted of ammonium sulfate. FT-IR analysis. FT-IR analysis of natural gypsum and the product formed is shown in Fig. 6.The band near 3620 and 3400 cm −1 …
Protein Precipitation Using Ammonium Sulfate
The addition of 40 – 45% ammounium sulfate precipitates IgG which can be further purified by anion exchange chromatography. Salt precipitation has been widely used to fractionate membrane proteins (Schagger, 1994). Due to bound lipid and/or detergents, ammonium sulfate precipitates have lower density than protein-only precipitates.
Calcium Sulfate Precipitation Throughout Its Phase …
12 Calcium Sulfate Precipitation Throughout Its Phase Diagram 229 Fig. 12.1 Structural motifs of the three main calcium sulfate phases, gypsum, bassanite, and anhydrite (AII form). Tetrahedra are sulfate ions, large spheres are Ca ions, and arrows indicate water sheets and channels in the gypsum and bassanite structures, respectively (Images ...
(PDF) Gypsum Precipitation under Saline …
Gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) is the most common sulfate mineral on Earth and is also found on Mars. It is an evaporitic mineral that predominantly precipitates from brines. In addition to its...
Pre-treatment through neutralisation/gypsum …
and partial sulphate removal to levels of 2 000 mg/ℓ can be achieved. • With high lime treatment (pH >11), sulphate can be reduced further to 1 200 mg/ℓ through gypsum crystallisation and magnesium precipitation. • Scaling and corrosion problems are reduced during re-use of the water in the mines.
(PDF) Gypsum Precipitation under Saline Conditions: …
Gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) is the most common sulfate mineral on Earth and is also found on Mars. It is an evaporitic mineral that predominantly precipitates from brines. In addition to its precipitation in natural environments, gypsum also forms an
One-step removal of high-concentration arsenic from wastewater to …
A comparative experiment was carried out using the conventional scorodite-precipitation method (magnetite treatment). The residual As(V) concentration in water in this study (0.22 mg L −1) was about 1‰ of that obtained using conventional scorodite-precipitation method (Fig. S2). Moreover, the sample of industrial by-product gypsum …
Sulphate removal from mine water with chemical
Chemical, physical and biological technologies for removal of sulphate from mine tailings pond water (8 g SO 4 2− /L) were investigated. Sulphate concentrations of approximately 1,400, 700, 350 and 20 mg/L were obtained using gypsum precipitation, and ettringite precipitation, biological sulphate reduction or reverse osmosis (RO) after …
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