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The Chain of Processes Forming Porphyry Copper Deposits…

Entrainment of any suspended sulfide particles is favored by forceful ascent of magmas in the tectonic setting where porphyry copper deposits are found (Loucks, 2021), and the H 2 O-rich and oxidized composition of such fertile magmas promotes subsequent sulfide decomposition and transfer of sulfur and metals to ore-forming fluid …

Porphyry copper deposits in China | Request PDF

The porphyry copper deposit is one of the most important deposit types in the world, supplying nearly 75% of the world's copper (Sillitoe 2010) and accounting for 42% of China's copper reserves ...

Everything You Need to Know About Copper Porphyries

Porphyry deposits are very large, polymetallic systems that typically contain copper along with other important metals. Much of today's mineral production depends on porphyries: 60% of copper, 95% of molbdenum, and 20% of gold comes from this deposit type.

Hydrothermal fluid evolution in the ndida porphyry copper deposit

Porphyry-type ore deposits are the world's most important economic sources of Cu, Mo and Au and host a variety of other metals (e.g. Sillitoe 2010).The origin of these deposits is related to the circulation of high-temperature, metal-bearing hydrothermal fluids that are exsolved from H 2 O-rich acidic to intermediate magma bodies emplaced at …

Porphyry Copper Deposit Density | Economic Geology

Porphyry copper deposit density is inversely related to the exposed area of permissive rock. The linear regression line and confidence limits constructed with the 19 control areas can be used to estimate the number of undiscovered deposits, given the size of a permissive area.

Porphyry Deposits: The World's Largest Source of …

The term "porphyry" comes from the word "porphyritic", a textural term used by geologists to describe the mineral pattern within the rocks that commonly occur in copper porphyry deposits. Porphyry …

Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database, maps, …

It also presents new grade and tonnage models for three subtypes of porphyry copper deposits, maps showing locations and general ages of these deposits, and a preliminary analysis with a number of figures summarizing many of the properties of these porphyry-style deposits. These summaries can be considered a new, quantified, form of most …

A new model for the optimal structural context for giant porphyry

We tested this hypothesis through an integration of all the relevant data available from the main Andean porphyry copper deposits. This region was selected because it constitutes by far the largest known Cu concentration in the planet (985 Mt of Cu; Sillitoe, 2012) and individual deposits of the belts include the largest known …

Exploration Guides for High-Grade Hypogene Porphyry Copper Deposits

Hypogene porphyry Cu deposits, unaffected by supergene enrichment, are generally perceived as relatively low-grade orebodies, in keeping with a current average production grade of 0.53% Cu. Nonetheless, all or large parts of some deposits exceed 1% Cu, and smaller deposit components can be much higher in grade, locally >6% Cu.

Metallogenesis and major challenges of porphyry copper …

Porphyry copper±molybdenum±gold deposits (PCDs) are the most representative magmatic-hydrothermal metallogenic system above subduction zones with important economic value. Previous studies revealed that large PCDs are generally formed from initial arc magmas (from subduction-induced partial melting of the mantle wedge), …

Exploration Guides for High-Grade Hypogene Porphyry Copper Deposits

No 135 • OCTOBER 2023 13 SEG DISCOVERY FEATURE ARTICLE Exploration Guides for High-Grade Hypogene Porphyry Copper Deposits Richard H. Sillitoe (SEG Lindgren Fellow)1,† and José Perelló (SEG Fellow)2 1 27 West Hill Park, Highgate Village, London N6 6ND, England Blaise Cendrars 6736, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile 2 Abstract Hypogene …

Porphyry Copper Deposit Model

This report contains a revised descriptive model of porphyry copper deposits (PCDs), the world's largest source (about 60 percent) and resource (about 65 percent) of copper and a major source of molybdenum, gold and silver. Despite relatively low grades (average 0.44 percent copper in 2008), PCDs have significant economic and societal impacts ...

Geology and Genesis of Major Copper Deposits and …

For example, development of major porphyry copper deposits/districts is favored by the presence of clustered alteration-mineralization centers, mafic or massive carbonate host rocks, voluminous magmatic-hydrothermal breccias, low sulfidation-state core zones conducive to copper deposition as bornite ± digenite, hypogene and …

(PDF) Porphyry deposits

porphyry copper deposits, such as Bingham and Bajo de la. Alumbrera, sulphide deposition was primarily due to cooling. of metal-rich, saline brines below 400ºC (Ulrich et al., 2001;

CHAPTER 8 PORPHYRY DEPOSITS

The largest known porphyry copper deposit is located at Chuquicamata (Chile) with total reserves (proved + probable + possible) of about 10 billion tonnes averaging 0.56% Cu. …

Porphyry Copper Deposits

Porphyry copper deposits are typically very-low grade with between 0.4 and 1% copper. The main mineral is chalcopyrite, which is finely disseminated through the host porphyritic rocks. The only reason these ore bodies are economic is because porphyries are huge, with hundreds of millions of tonnes available in a fairly low-cost …

2.2 Porphyry-epithermal mineral system

Figure 2.2.1: Diagrammatic sketch of the porphyry-related mineral system illustrating the relative location of deposits types within the overall setting and the likely distribution of critical and other commodities within and …

The geological characteristics, geochemical signature …

mineralization. Porphyry copper deposits are large (commonly hundreds to thousands of million tonnes) and low to medium in grade (0.3 to 1.5% copper). The majority of gold-rich porphyry deposits occur in the circum-Pacific and commonly contain 0.3 to 1.6 g/t gold. The general characteristics of porphyry systems include:

Porphyry Copper Deposits of the World: Database, Map, …

It also presents new grade and tonnage models for porphyry copper deposits and for three subtypes of porphyry copper deposits and a map showing the location of all deposits. The value of this information and any derived analyses depends critically on the consistent manner of data gathering. For this reason, we first discuss the rules used in ...

Supergiant porphyry copper deposits are failed large …

In this study we focus exclusively on the syn-subduction Cu-rich porphyry copper deposit type (hereafter referred to as porphyry copper deposits), occurring in …

Tempo of magma degassing and the genesis of porphyry copper deposits

Porphyry deposits are copper-rich orebodies formed by precipitation of metal sulphides from hydrothermal fluids released from magmatic intrusions that cooled at depth within the Earth's crust.

How to make porphyry copper deposits

Porphyry copper deposits (PCDs) represent shallow level intrusions (2–5 km) in the crust. Mineralization of Cu ores tend to occur at the tops of porphyry systems …

Chapter 5 Porphyry Copper Deposits in China

Porphyry Cu deposits in China contain a total resource of ~47 million tonnes (Mt) Cu at average grades ranging mostly from 0.2 to 0.7% Cu (most <0.5% Cu), accounting for 42% of China's Cu reserves. In terms of contained Cu, 14 Cu-rich porphyry deposits are classified as giant (≥2.0 Mt Cu), and 38 are classified as intermediate (≥0.06 Mt Cu).

Understanding how porphyry-type copper deposits are …

Porphyry copper deposits provide 75% of the world's copper. According to the researchers, the link that they found is related to how vast quantities of mineralizing fluids are extracted and ...

Porphyry Copper Deposit Formation: Identifying Garnet …

1 Introduction. Empirical evidence for high oxidation state of porphyry-copper-deposit (PCD) generative arc magmas has been noted and discussed for decades (Burnham & Ohmoto, 1980; Hutchinson & Dilles, 2019; Park et al., 2021).These magmas typically record oxygen fugacity (fO 2) values equal or greater than the Ni–NiO fO 2 …

Gold endowments of porphyry deposits controlled by

Porphyry copper–gold deposits are large volume, low-grade disseminations formed by precipitation of copper and gold (plus molybdenum) from fluids of magmatic origin 1.These deposits form at ...

Geology and origin of the Zhunuo porphyry copper deposit …

The Zhunuo porphyry copper deposit in the Gangdese belt of southern Tibet contains 2.37 Mt at 0.57% Cu. In this deposit, Eocene rhyolite (51.6 ± 1.0 Ma) and quartz porphyry (49.1 ± 0.6 Ma) were intruded by monzogranite (14.7 ± 0.3 Ma) and monzogranite porphyry (14.5 ± 0.2 Ma) which commonly host mafic microgranular …

A rapid change in magma plumbing taps porphyry copper deposit …

Porphyry-type deposits are a vital source of green technology metals such as copper and molybdenum. They typically form in subduction-related settings from large, long-lived magmatic systems. The ...

Porphyry Deposits: The World's Largest Source of …

Porphyry copper deposits are generally composed of a "plug-like" igneous intrusion – a large magma body that is emplaced beneath a volcanic system. On average these deposits can have a …

From long-lived batholith construction to giant porphyry copper deposit

Porphyry Cu ore deposits are a rare product of arc magmatism that often form spatiotemporal clusters in magmatic arcs. The petrogenetic evolution of igneous rocks that cover the temporal window prior to and during porphyry Cu deposit formation may provide critical insights into magmatic processes that are key in generating these …

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